Missing teeth can cause difficulties when eating and speaking and can cause misalignment. Understanding what options are available will allow you to make an informed choice. Dental implants consist of a small segment that is placed in the jaw, an abutment and a false tooth. They act as artificial roots to your tooth providing a strong base for crowns, bridges and dentures. Many systems use Titanium or biocompatible materials.
They will replace missing teeth without affecting adjacent areas, unlike a traditional bridge. However it is a surgical procedure and will need healing time and maintenance. The best option for you will depend on your mouth, medical history, quality of jaw bone, personal preference and budget. Speak to a dental professional to understand what would be best for you.
Knowledge of what is involved will help you.
What are Dental Implants?
Dental implants are artificial roots used to replace missing teeth. They are surgically placed into the jaw bone to provide a strong base for your artificial tooth. They will be specifically designed for your mouth and will work with your remaining teeth.
Typically they will include three sections:
- Fixture – Placed into the jaw bone to act as artificial roots.
- Abutment – Connects the fixture to the false tooth.
- Crown/Prosthesis – The visible part of the false tooth/bridge/denture.
Once placed they will need time to heal known as osseointegration. The new bone will start to grow around the implant to form a bond. This can take several months depending on the size, quality of bone and your health. They can be used to replace one/multiple teeth or provide support for a full arch. Whilst they can look and function like natural teeth they will not be identical. As they do not have natural ligaments you will need to look after the surrounding tissue.
This will help when speaking to your dental professional.
Who are suitable for Dental Implants?
Adults who have lost their teeth from decay, gum disease, trauma or other dental issues can be suitable. Suitable will depend on your mouth, jaw bone and general health. Speak to your dental professional. Your gums and jaw bone should be healthy to provide a strong base. If your jaw bone has been affected from losing your teeth, you may be advised by your dentist/specialist to have a bone graft. Certain medical conditions can affect your healing. If you have diabetes it can increase your risk if not well controlled. Smoking can also have an effect. Be sure to let your dentist know your medical history, medications, smoking/tobacco use and previous dental treatment.
You don’t have to be old to have dental implants. It will depend on your jaw development, general health and your personal needs. Usually dental implants are placed once your jaw has stopped developing but will need an individual assessment by a qualified dental professional. You may be seen by your dentist, have x-rays and sometimes 3D scans to see how much bone you have. Sometimes other options may be a good choice. A fixed bridge, or removable partial denture may be a good choice. Sometimes it is best to try to save your natural teeth if they can be reliably restored. A full consultation will help you decide if you are suitable and if any extra treatment is required.
What happens during the Dental Implant Process?
Typically there will be several stages to your treatment. This can depend on your dental situation, how many teeth you want to replace, type of implant and any extra treatment.
- Stage 1: Assessment & Planning
Your dentist will carry out an assessment on your teeth, gums, jaw bone, bite and medical history. An image will be taken to show where your implant should be placed. Your dental team will also discuss how long your treatment will take, alternatives, risks and cost.
- Stage 2: Implant Placement
Your implant fixture will be placed in your jaw. Local anaesthetic is usually used, however other types may be considered. Your gums will be looked after.
- Stage 3: Healing
Your implant will need to heal. This can take several months. Some patients will have a temporary tooth. Others will avoid putting pressure on their implant.
- Stage 4: Abutment & Final Restoration
Once your implant is secure your abutment and final restoration can be placed. Your dental team will ensure it looks good, bites well, feels good and functions well.Not all patients will have the same process. Some may have a temporary restoration quicker and some may need a bone graft. Ensure you follow the instructions and attend all appointments. If you have any unexpected symptoms please contact your dental professional.
Benefits & Risks:
Dental implants can provide many benefits but can vary and may not be the best option for everyone. They can improve your eating. If they fit well you will find they are more comfortable to eat with than a loose/removable appliance. If missing teeth have caused issues with your speech then they can help. They can help support your jaw bone. As they transfer functional forces to the surrounding bone they can help prevent changes. If you are only replacing one tooth they will not require your neighbouring teeth to be altered to support a traditional bridge.
There can be risks with having surgery. These include infection, bleeding, swelling, discomfort, damage to surrounding structures, nerve issues and sinus issues with certain implants in the upper jaw. There can also be issues with bonding and the implants. If your implant causes inflammation it can cause damage. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, gum disease and certain medical conditions can increase your risk. They can be expensive. This can include imaging, surgery, parts of the implant, final restoration and any extra treatment. Depending on your insurance check what is covered. Considering all the factors you can make an informed decision. Likely benefits, risks, alternatives, maintenance and affordability. Ask your dental professional to explain the most relevant risks.
Healing & Maintenance
Healing time can vary depending on complexity of treatment. You may experience some swelling, discomfort, bruising and light bleeding. This should generally get better if you follow the instructions. You may be advised to eat soft foods, avoid disturbing the area, use special cleaning methods and take your medication as prescribed. You may be advised against doing any strenuous activity. Your gums will heal initially and your implant can take several months to bond. Your dental team may not place your final restoration until they are satisfied enough healing has occurred. Complex treatments can take longer.
To ensure your implants stay in good condition:
- Brush twice daily with a soft bristled brush.
- Clean between your teeth and around your implant with appropriate floss/interdental aids.
- Attend regular check-ups and cleans.
- Follow advice on gum disease and other issues.
- Avoid smoking and follow individual advice on keeping your restoration in good condition.
They will not suffer from decay like natural teeth but can cause inflammation/infection to the surrounding gums and bone. Regular monitoring can help identify any issues. If you feel your implant is loose, your pain is getting worse, your swelling is getting worse or you are constantly bleeding/discharging contact your dentist. If your symptoms are severe or getting worse quickly seek immediate professional advice. With careful planning, daily maintenance and regular check-ups your dental implants can last many years. However they cannot be guaranteed. Your implant and attached restoration may require professional maintenance/repair.
FAQs About Dental Implants
- Are dental implants permanent?
Dental implants are meant to last a long time but cannot be guaranteed. How long they last will depend on your oral hygiene, general health, bite forces and regular dental care.
- How long will my treatment take?
Treatment can take several months as your implant often needs to bond to your jaw bone. Bone grafts, healing issues and complex restorations can cause delays.
- Will it hurt?
During placement of your implant pain will be managed with anaesthetic. You may experience some discomfort, swelling and sensitivity. Follow your dentist’s advice on how your implant will heal. If your symptoms are getting worse contact them.
- Are they better than bridges?
It depends on your situation. They can replace missing teeth without affecting neighbouring teeth however bridges may be a suitable option depending on neighbouring teeth, quality of bone, medical factors and costs.
- How do I clean them?
Brush twice daily, clean between your teeth and around your implant. Attend regular check-ups. Your dental professional can advise you on the correct tools for your restoration.